The Progress of Nuclear Nanomedicines

This manuscript briefly summarized the progress in the last decade and predicted the development in the future of nano-radiopharmaceuticals. The major carrier materials for nanoparticle delivery are biomaterials such as liposomes, or biocompatible materials such as phosphates, hydroxyapatite. Currently, various radionuclides, such as ¹³¹I, ¹¹¹In, ¹²⁵I, ¹⁶⁶Ho, ¹⁷⁷Lu, ⁹⁰Y, ²²⁵Ac are extensively used clinically or in research for diagnostic or therapeutic purpose. The preparation methodology of nano-radiopharmaceuticals includes post-irradiation activation, encapsulation, adsorption and etc. Many pre-clinical trials showed that nano-radiopharmaceuticals had displayed good specificity on cancer diagnosis and treatment, thus had became an important research direction in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer and personalized medical care.