Abstract: The radiolanthanide ¹⁶¹Tb has garnered increasing interest due to its favorable properties for medical application.¹⁶¹Tb showed similar properties to the widely used therapeutic radionuclide ¹⁷⁷Lu, and had better curative effect, which was expected to replace ¹⁷⁷Lu as a new type of therapeutic radionuclide. So far, the studies on the application of ¹⁶¹Tb have mainly focused on the basic in vivo behavior of ¹⁶¹Tb-labeled biomolecules and their effects on malignant tumors compared with ¹⁷⁷Lu. These preliminary therapeutic studies show that ¹⁶¹Tb was more effective than ¹⁷⁷Lu in tumor treatment if the same activity was used. The characteristics, production and research progress of labeled radiopharmaceuticals of ¹⁶¹Tb are reviewed, which can provide reference for the development and clinical application of therapeutic radionuclides.