Abstract: With the development of global economic integration, China, the world's second-largest economy, has seen a continuous increase in foreign trade. The risk and harm of invasive alien species during import and export processes have become increasingly serious. Invasive species pose a huge threat to the ecology, economy and society of regions and even the whole country. Entry quarantine has become an important part in safeguarding national biosafety. Compared with traditional fumigation, cold and heat treatment technologies, irradiation technology can effectively kill a variety of harmful organisms, and has the advantages of no harmful residue, no impact on product quality, high efficiency and safety. It has gradually received attention and application around the world. However, up to now, irradiation technology has not been widely used in quarantine treatment in China. By drawing on the development of irradiation quarantine treatment domestically and abroad and analyzing the opportunities and challenges of quarantine treatment from technical aspects, feasible suggestions for the promotion of irradiation technology in quarantine treatment in China have been put forward.