Abstract: China imports a large amount of bulk minerals and rare metals every year, and during customs radiation monitoring, harmless alarms are often triggered due to the presence of natural radioactive elements (NORM) in the minerals. At present, on-site sampling and third-party laboratory testing are commonly used to identify whether the mineral is hazardous, which is time-consuming and hinders trade facilitation. Based on the actual demand of customs for rapid on-site detection of natural radioactive substances in minerals, research is being conducted on the rapid detection technology of natural radioactive substances in import and export goods, which can quickly identify whether the radioactive substances in minerals are natural nuclides or illegal trafficking on site, and improve the clearance rate. The average detection time is 46.5 seconds, the relative error of specific activity is less than 10%.