KR-01混合离子交换树脂的Cs+吸附和热解减容性能研究

Cs+ Adsorption and Pyrolytic Volume Reduction Performance of KR-01 Mixed Ion Exchange Resin

  • 摘要: 铯-137(137Cs)是核反应堆废水中最常见的放射性物质之一,为开发高效吸附Cs+的功能材料,本研究对自主研发的阳离子交换树脂和阴离子交换树脂以1∶1.8的质量比混合,开发了KR-01混合离子交换树脂,并对其Cs+吸附性能进行系统研究,重点考察吸附时间、树脂用量、pH等因素对其吸附效果的影响,研究Cs+在树脂中的吸附动力学和吸附等温过程。结果表明:在25℃、pH=6.0条件下,树脂能够实现对Cs+的最佳吸附,静态饱和吸附容量为98.159 mg/mL,吸附率达99.960%。准一级动力学模型线性相关系数R2=0.997,Cs+在KR-01树脂上的吸附过程由扩散机制控制,分为快速吸附和缓慢吸附。在一定浓度范围内,KR-01树脂对Cs+的吸附符合Langmuir和Freundlich吸附等温线,其相关系数R2均>0.940,但Langmuir方程更能准确反映该交换吸附过程,突出了Langmuir模型主导的单层吸附过程。此外,在900 ℃热解后树脂剩余量约为48.970%,且热解挥发性气体中未检测到Cs+,实现了对废树脂的高效减容和稳定化处置。KR-01混合离子交换树脂对Cs+的吸附率和热解减容性能均优于国外代表性商用树脂。

     

    Abstract: Cesium-137 (137Cs) is one of the most common radioactive substances in nuclear reactor wastewater, developing efficient Cs+ adsorbing materials is of paramount importance for sustainable development of nuclear energy, human health protection, and environmental conservation. The company has developed a KR-01 mixed ion exchange resin by blending the synthesized cation and anion exchange resins in a 1:1.8 mass ratio. This study systematically investigated the Cs+ adsorption performance of KR-01 mixed ion exchange resin, focusing on the effects of factors such as adsorption time, resin dosage, and pH on the adsorption efficiency. The adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherm processes of Cs+ on the resin were also studied. Under the conditions of 25 ℃ and pH 6.0, the static saturation adsorption capacity and adsorption rate of the resin reach 98.159 mg/mL and 99.960%. The study showed that the pseudo-first-order kinetic model provided a high coefficient of determination (R2=0.997), indicating the Cs+ adsorption process on the KR-01 resin was diffusion-controlled, involving a rapid initial adsorption stage followed by a slower adsorption stage. Within a certain concentration range, the Cs+ adsorption on the KR-01 resin followed both Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms, with R2 values exceeding 0.940. However, the Langmuir equation more accurately described the ion exchange adsorption process, highlighting the dominance of the monolayer adsorption mechanism described by the Langmuir model. After pyrolysis at 900 ℃, the residual amount of resin is around 48.970%, and Cs+ is virtually undetectable in the pyrolytic volatile gases, achieving efficient volume reduction and stable disposal of the waste resin. The Cs+ adsorption capacity and pyrolytic volume reduction performance of KR-01 resin are superior to representative commercially available resins abroad.

     

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