Abstract: High energy X-ray non-destructive testing technology can obtain the internal structure information of the inspected object without destroying it. The multi-rod-beam nature of nuclear fuel assemblies can lead to severe scattering ray effects, which can degrade image quality. In order to correct the interference of scattering ray, this study analyzed the limitations of various methods to solve the interference of scattered rays in the non-destructive testing of nuclear fuel assemblies. Geant4 is used to simulate the nondestructive testing process of nuclear fuel components, and ComptonFlag class is constructed to mark the scattered rays of Compton scattering and remove their interference. The simulation results show that the CNR of defective and intact components in the projection image is increased by 69.02% after the scattering ray interference is removed, which can effectively improve the image quality of non-destructive testing of nuclear fuel assemblies.