Abstract: With ⁹⁰Y microspheres, radioactive microspheres are perfused to tumor feeding arteries through minimally invasive intervention, and then diffused and retained in small vessels of tumor terminals along with blood flow, so as to high selectively kill tumor cells by means of sustained release of high energy rays. ⁹⁰Y microspheres are of important value in the local treatment of advanced liver cancer. At present, two types of 90Y microsphere products (SIR-Spheres- and TheraSpheres-) which have appeared on the market globally, have been clinically applied abroad for nearly twenty years, and have been incorporated into many authoritative norms and guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer. Since 2018, SIR-Spheres- and TheraSpheres- have gradually entered China and attracted the attention of domestic clinical experts, and have been incorporated into the latest relevant guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer in China. In 2022, SIR-Spheres-, as imported drugs, passed the approval of the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) and were approved for listing to treat patients with surgically unresectable liver metastases of colorectal cancer after failure in standard treatment. At the same time, the first case of primary liver cancer has been treated by TheraSpheres-. ⁹⁰Y carbon microspheres independently researched and developed in China show good clinical conversion potential. In order to more effectively carrying out clinical research and application of 90Y microsphere products in China and promote research and development innovation of similar products, this paper reviews types, the research and development status, clinical application and domestic development and outlook of ⁹⁰Y microspheres, so as to provide reference for the research, development and application of ⁹⁰Y microsphere drugs in China.