同位素生产专用设备中气流输运部件内、外流场特性研究

Study about the Flow Field in and out the Gas Transport Parts in Isotope Production Equipment

  • 摘要: 为了研究同位素生产专用设备内部气流输运部件内、外流流场条件,从而计算出专用设备内部气流输运部件(也称为变直径管)能耗,开展了气流输运部件内部、外部流场特性的数值模拟和风洞试验研究。首先采用压力修正的方法对气流输运部件内部流场进行了数值计算,得到了气流输运部件内部气流的速度分布和压力分布云图,发现在其变径区域气流速度发生较大变化,同时与壁面发生作用。气流输运部件设计了变径部分后,整体能耗减小约30%~50%。同时在高超声速风洞中采用瞬态纹影和粒子图像测速(PIV)试验技术对气流输运部件的外部激波、涡结构、速度分布开展了流动显示和定量测量分析,实验结果显示,气流输运部件的头部激波为典型的曲线激波,对气流输运部件头部进行切角处理,在目前研究范围内,激波形式不会发生大的变化,但其附近产生的涡结构形态会发生较大变化,涡量明显减小,且涡结构更加贴近壁面。代入测得速度分布计算,进行头部切角处理后,气流输运部件的能耗较不进行切角处理时减小15%~20%,可以在专用设备中使用。

     

    Abstract: In order to calculate the power loss more correctly and to evaluate the performance of the gas transport part in the isotope production equipment, the flow field inside and outside of the gas transport part was studied by using a pressure-correction methods. The distribution of the velocity and the pressure was acquired. It was found that some change was formed in front of the head of the gas transport part, and interacted with the boundary. The total power loss declined 30%~50% when the variable diameter part were employed. The schlieren equipment and PIV were used to measure the shock waves and the vortices around the gas transport part. The experiment was conducted in the high mach wind tunnel FD-03 in China Academy of Aerospace and Aerodynamics. The characteristics of the flow field were obtained, which revealed that the shock wave had a curvilinear structure and did not change significantly when the head of the gas transport part was chamfered. The vorticity was decreased and the vortex was more closed to the boundary. The power loss decreased 15%~20% with the chamfered head. The gas transport part designed (with variable diameter and the chamfered head) satisfied the practical need.

     

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