Abstract: The preparation of amidoxime-wool composite material and its application in seawater uranium extraction were studied by using natural wool as functional substrate. Through substrate pretreatment, mutual irradiation, the wool surface was grafted by acrylonitrile. The best grafting reaction condition was obtained by optimizing the ray energy, total dose irradiation. Then the materials were characterized via SEM and fourier transform infrared (FTIR). After functionalized by amide oxime, the adsorption ability for uranium of the functional materials were characterized. The amidoxime-wool composite with adsorption capacity of 62.62 mg/g was obtained after optimizing of the functional conditions. The results show that the material has a certain selective adsorption capacity to uranium with the coexistence of Na, K, Ni and Cu interfering ions, and it is mainly chemical adsorption. Uranium adsorption capacity of 0.35 mg/g can be realized in the natural environment of real sea area. This uranium extraction composite material, which is made from natural hair, is not only greener but also has better hydrophilicity than the traditional composite material.