高回弹氢化丁腈橡胶的γ辐射硫化与性能研究
Radiation Vulcanization and Properties of Hydrogenated Nitrile Butadiene Rubber with High Recovery
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摘要: 为提高氢化丁腈橡胶（HNBR）在热环境中和高压条件下的使用稳定性和使用寿命，本文通过γ辐射工艺制备辐射硫化的HNBR，研究辐射硫化的吸收剂量对材料微观形态、力学性能、热稳定性、耐热油老化和耐热空气老化性能的影响。通过扫描电镜（SEM）观察HNBR断裂面，发现辐射硫化的HNBR样品断面更光滑，其硫化效果优于热硫化。随着吸收剂量增加，样品的力学性能和耐老化性能显著提高，在150 ℃的903#标准油中浸泡70 h，与热硫化HNBR相比，辐射硫化HNBR体积变化率更低。当吸收剂量为160 kGy时，辐射硫化HNBR的体积变化为18.3%。热空气老化后，样品随着吸收剂量增加，力学性能下降量减少。优异的耐热油老化和耐热空气老化性能使辐射硫化HNBR有更强的密封性能。Abstract: The chemical bonds of organic molecules could be ruptured by ionization radiation-induced reaction. New product of function polymer with high performances could be fabricated by radiation process techniques. Now days, the γ-ray radiation techniques has been widely used in polymerization and modification of materials. In this study, the radiation vulcanized hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber (RV-HNBR) was prepared by γ-ray radiation. The radiation effects with different absorbed dose on mircomorphology, mechanical properties, thermal stability and resistance of hot oil and air aging of HNBR was studied. The fracture surface of HNBR was observed by SEM. With the absorbed dose increasing, the fracture surface became more and more smooth. The significant enhanced mechanical properties was discovered in the RV-HNBR. The volumetric change rate of RV-HNBR-160 was 18.3%, which was smaller than that of chemical heat vulcanized HNBR after immersed in 903# at 150 ℃ for 70 h. Furthermore, RV-HNBR exhibited excellent hot oil and air aging resistance. The retention rate of tensile strength and elongation at break was increased with absorbed dose increasing. The results could be attributed the vulcanized cross-linked cructure which was formed by C—C bonds among HNBR chains. The RV-HNBR with high recovery in this study are promising application as one of sealing functional materials.
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