Abstract: To overcome limitations of 2-¹⁸Ffluorodeoxy-D-glucose (¹⁸FFDG) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, molecular probes combination imaging and multi-targeting coupling molecular imaging, concept and modality of “fixed -dose compound molecular probe and imaging” are first proposed. Synthetic method of compound molecular probe includes multiply-synthesis preparation, one-pot single synthesis and simultaneous parallel synthesis. Among them, one-pot single synthesis is most simple and practical method with good prospect. Compared with combined molecular probes, compound molecular probes are innovative fixed-dose combination molecular probes, with advantages of fixed ratio, one-pot single synthestic preparation, stable and controllable drug effect, improved medication compliance, and convenient to use. Research and development of compound molecular probes have indirectly solved the complicated problems of the preparation of multi-target coupling molecular probes and provided a simple, practical and easy to popularize new mode for the next generation of new molecular probes. Compound molecular probe imaging has cleverly resolved the important scientific issues of simultaneous imaging of multi-modality molecular probes and laid a foundation for further development of compound multi-modallity molecular probe imaging. Combined double probes single-dose simultaneous imaging, combined double probes dual-modality imaging and intraoperative combined multi-probe imaging-guiding therapy have huge potential application in precision medicine and lay a foundation for further development and transformation application of compound molecular probe imaging. This review summarizes theory evidence, concept and principle, importance, main research contents, and potential application of compound molecular probe and imaging. Also, preparation of compound molecular probe is discussed.