Abstract: This paper briefly describes the origin, characteristics, and traditional processing methods of radioactive waste ionexchange resin (referred to as “spent ion-exchange resin”). An overview of various spent ion exchange resin oxidative decomposition technologies is given in this paper, with emphasis on recent progress of the wet oxidation decomposition technology. Its principles, reaction mechanism, and current status of the process are discussed. The latest research update and development of the cement solidification technology using spent ion-exchange resin oxidative decomposition liquid are reviewed and analyzed in this paper.