核电站周边环境中锕系元素的加速器质谱测定

Quantification of Actinides in Soil Samples From the Surroundings of a Nuclear Power Plant by Accelerator Mass Spectrometry

摘要: 为了评估位于意大利南部的Garigliano核电站对周边环境的影响，利用超灵敏的加速器质谱技术对核电站周围环境表层土壤中²³⁶U和钚同位素的含量进行了测定。测量结果表明，每克表层土壤中含²³⁶U、²³⁹Pu和²⁴⁰Pu的原子数分别为10⁶～10⁷、10⁷～10⁸ 和10⁶～10⁷。其中，²⁴⁰Pu与²³⁹Pu的原子数之比为0.17～0.22，表明环境表层土壤中的锕系元素主要来源于大气沉降，核电站对周围环境的影响可以忽略。

Abstract: In order to assess the impact of Garigliano Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) on the local environment, the concentrations of ²³⁶U and plutonium isotopes in the surface soil samples from the area surrounding the NPP were analyzed by Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS). The results indicated that the concentrations of ²³⁶U, ²³⁹Pu and ²⁴⁴Pu in the surface soil are in the range of 10⁶-10⁷, 10⁷-10⁸ and 10⁶-10⁷ atoms/g, respectively. The isotopic ratio of ²⁴⁰Pu/²³⁹Pu is in the range of 0.17-0.22. The results showed that the main contamination of the actinides in the soil is due to the global fallout, while the contribution from Garigliano NPP is negligible.