不锈钢表面钚污染的擦拭去污

Studies on the Wiping Decontamination of Stainless Steels Surfaces Contaminated by Pu

摘要: 为了防止污染范围扩大，减少对工作人员、公众和环境的辐射危害，需对钚污染的材料或设备进行去污。本工作分别采用不同种类去污试剂对滴加钚标准溶液后自然风干、加热烘干及浓盐酸腐蚀的三类不锈钢模拟污染样品进行擦拭去污实验。结果表明：盐酸及NaF+H₂C₂O₄+HNO₃两种去污试剂对自然风干的样品去污效率＞95%；5%的盐酸对加热烘干样品的去污效率约为95%；8%~10%的盐酸溶液、5%的硝酸溶液以及NaF+H₂C₂O₄+HNO₃对浓盐酸腐蚀样品的去污效率＞95%。

Abstract: Wiping decontamination was studied for the stainless steels samples contaminated by Pu dried by air, heating and HCl-eroded.The experimental results expressed that for the air-dried samples wipped by HCl and NaF+H₂C₂O₄+HNO₃, the wipping decontamination efficiencys were higher than 95%. For the samples heating-dried，the wiping decontamination efficiency could reach about 95% only by the 5%HCl decontamination reagent.And for the HCl-eroded wipped by 8%~10% HCl，5% HNO₃ and NaF+H₂C₂O₄+HNO₃separately, the wiping decontamination efficiency were all higher than 95%.